the error is here:
org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.encodeURL(ResponseFacade.java:=
398)=20
at org.apache.jsp.Test1_jsp._jspService(Test1_jsp.java:93) if you look in /=
work/Catalina/localhost/WebAppName/org/apache/jsp/Test1_jsp.java=20
at line 93 you will see the offending line
you are creating an artificial response object instead of using the respons=
e that is provided you via response
<% response.write("<em>this is a test in italics</em")=3B %>
hth
Martin Gainty=20
______________________________________________=20
Jogi =E9s Bizalmass=E1gi kinyilatkoztat=E1s/Verzicht und Vertraulichkeitanm=
erkung/Note de d=E9ni et de confidentialit=E9
Ez az
=FCzenet bizalmas. Ha nem =F6n az akinek sz=E1nva volt=2C akkor k=E9rj=FCk=
=2C hogy
jelentse azt nek=FCnk vissza. Semmif=E9le tov=E1bb=EDt=E1sa vagy m=E1solat=
=E1nak
k=E9sz=EDt=E9se nem megengedett. Ez az =FCzenet csak ismeret cser=E9t szol=
g=E1l =E9s
semmif=E9le jogi alkalmazhat=F3s=E1ga sincs. Mivel az electronikus =FCzene=
tek
k=F6nnyen megv=E1ltoztathat=F3ak=2C ez=E9rt minket semmi felel=F6s=E9g nem =
terhelhet
ezen =FCzenet tartalma miatt.
Diese Nachricht ist vertraulich. Sollten Sie nicht der vorgesehene Empfaeng=
er sein=2C so bitten wir hoeflich um eine Mitteilung. Jede unbefugte Weiter=
leitung oder Fertigung einer Kopie ist unzulaessig. Diese Nachricht dient l=
ediglich dem Austausch von Informationen und entfaltet keine rechtliche Bin=
dungswirkung. Aufgrund der leichten Manipulierbarkeit von E-Mails koennen w=
ir keine Haftung fuer den Inhalt uebernehmen.
Ce message est confidentiel et peut =EAtre privil=E9gi=E9. Si vous n'=EAtes=
pas le destinataire pr=E9vu=2C nous te demandons avec bont=E9 que pour sat=
isfaire informez l'exp=E9diteur. N'importe quelle diffusion non autoris=E9e=
ou la copie de ceci est interdite. Ce message sert =E0 l'information seule=
ment et n'aura pas n'importe quel effet l=E9galement obligatoire. =C9tant d=
onn=E9 que les email peuvent facilement =EAtre sujets =E0 la manipulation=
=2C nous ne pouvons accepter aucune responsabilit=E9 pour le contenu fourni=
.
> Date: Wed=2C 15 Jun 2011 18:43:21 +0100
> From: popx@j-paine.org
> To: users@tomcat.apache.org
> Subject: Re: Null-pointer exception from response.encodeUrl under Windows=
Tomcat 7
>=20
> About a week ago=2C I reported what seemed like a sporadic null-pointer=20
> exception from response.encodeUrl. I've managed to simplify the code that=
=20
> provokes it=2C and will show it below. My original report=2C with details=
of=20
> the Tomcat version and so on=2C is after this mail.
>=20
> The error occurred in a large system I've written that uses servlets and=
=20
> JSP. It enables users to analyse certain kinds of numerical data over the=
=20
> Web=2C and uses sessions to hold information about those users currently=
=20
> using the system. Below is a JSP page I've constructed that demonstrates=
=20
> the error:
> <%@ page import=3D"javax.servlet.*=2Cjavax.servlet.http.*=2Csalco.*"%>
>=20
> <HTML>
> <HEAD>
>=20
> <TITLE>Test1</TITLE>
> </HEAD>
>=20
> <BODY BGCOLOR=3Dwhite>
>=20
> <H1>Test1</H1>
>=20
> <%
> HttpSession this_session =3D request.getSession(true)=3B
> out.println( "this_session =3D " + this_session + ".<BR>" )=3B
>=20
> out.println( "Date =3D " + new java.util.Date() + ".<BR>" )=3B
>=20
> ResponseHolder rh =3D (ResponseHolder)this_session.getAttribute(
> "response_holder" )=3B
> out.println( "rh =3D " + rh + ".<BR>" )=3B
> if ( rh =3D=3D null ) {
> out.println( "rh is null.<BR>" )=3B
> rh =3D new ResponseHolder( response )=3B
> this_session.setAttribute( "response_holder"=2C rh )=3B
> this_session.setAttribute( "count"=2C 0 )=3B
> out.println( "<BR>count =3D 0.<BR>" )=3B
> }
> else {
> int count =3D (Integer)this_session.getAttribute( "count" )=3B
> out.println( "rh is not null.<BR>" )=3B
> this_session.setAttribute( "count"=2C count+1 )=3B
> out.println( "<BR>count =3D " + (count+1) + ".<BR>" )=3B
> }
>=20
> String result =3D "None yet"=3B
> try {
> result =3D rh.response.encodeURL( "/Test1.jsp" )=3B
> out.println( "Encoded URL OK: result =3D " + result + ".<BR>" )=3B
> }
> catch ( java.lang.NullPointerException e ) {
> out.println( "Crashed while encoding URL: <BR>" )=3B
> e.printStackTrace( new java.io.PrintWriter(out) )=3B
> }
> %>
>=20
> </BODY>
> </HTML>
>=20
> This page starts by obtaining an instance of HTTPSession by calling=20
> request.getSession(true). This instance will have been created when the=20
> user logs in for their current session=2C by another call of=20
> request.getSession(true).
>=20
> The page then displays the date and time so that you can check that in my=
=20
> diagnostics=2C the times follow one another and I'm not repeating old=20
> output. It then tries to obtain an instance of a class I've defined named=
=20
> ResponseHolder=2C and does so by calling HttpSession.getAttribute.=20
> ResponseHolder is a class I wrote specially for this demo=2C and has one=
=20
> field=2C an HTTPServletResponse. In real life=2C I store users' session d=
ata=20
> in instances with many fields=2C of which an HTTPServletResponse is one. =
I=20
> pass these to my server-side code. This needs the HTTPServletResponse whe=
n=20
> doing such things as encoding URLs=2C which is why I include it. For the=
=20
> purposes of this test=2C the non-HTTPServletResponse fields aren't releva=
nt=2C=20
> and so I've not included them in the ResponseHolder.
>=20
> If the ResponseHolder instance is null=2C it's probably because the page =
is=20
> being loaded for the first time in the session. In that case=2C I create =
a=20
> new ResponseHolder=2C and call HttpSession.setAttribute to store it.
>=20
> The page also maintains and displays a count. This is solely for this=20
> demo. As with displaying the time=2C it's a sanity check on the output. F=
or=20
> example=2C it confirms that I actually have reloaded the page.
>=20
> The rest of the page calls encodeURL=2C and displays the result. If=20
> encodeURL crashes with a NullPointerException=2C it catches this and=20
> displays the stack trace instead.
>=20
> By the way=2C the page has three imports. Two are for the javax.servlet=20
> classes=3B the third is for my project classes.
>=20
> Next=2C here's my ResponseHolder class:
> package salco=3B
>=20
> import javax.servlet.*=3B
> import javax.servlet.http.*=3B
>=20
> public class ResponseHolder
> {
> public HttpServletResponse response=3B
>=20
> public ResponseHolder( HttpServletResponse r )
> {
> this.response =3D r=3B
> }
>=20
> public String toString()
> {
> return "[ResponseHolder " + this.response + "]"=3B
> }
> }
>=20
> As mentioned earlier=2C it has just one field=2C the HttpServletResponse.
>=20
> Finally=2C I'll show output from three sets of transactions. To create=20
> these=2C I logged into the system=2C thereby creating a new session as=20
> explained above. I then loaded the JSP page=2C Test1.jsp=2C and kept relo=
ading=20
> it. (This was in Firefox 4.0.1=3B but browser and browser version are=20
> probably not relevant. The error also occurs on Internet Explorer and=20
> Google Chrome.) I then copied the page shown by the browser into a text=20
> file=2C and appended new pages as I reloaded them. Here=2C then is my=20
> output. It's long=2C so be warned=3B to get to the end=2C search for "END=
OF=20
> OUTPUT":
>=20
> (FIRST SESSION)
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@9be2b5=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:46:45 BST 2011.
> rh =3D null.
> rh is null.
>=20
> count =3D 0.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@9be2b5=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:46:55 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@9c176=
c].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 1.
> Crashed while encoding URL:
> java.lang.NullPointerException at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.toAbsolute(Response.java:1594) at=
=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.encodeURL(Response.java:1198) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.encodeURL(ResponseFacade.jav=
a:398)=20
> at org.apache.jsp.Test1_jsp._jspService(Test1_jsp.java:93) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.jav=
a:419)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)=
=20
> at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:333) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(Applicat=
ionFilterChain.java:304)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilte=
rChain.java:210)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve=
.java:240)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve=
.java:164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:=
164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:=
100)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:563)=
=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.j=
ava:118)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:39=
9)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:317=
)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(H=
ttp11Protocol.java:204)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.ja=
va:311)=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)=
=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at=
=20
> java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
>=20
> ----
>=20
> (SECOND SESSION)
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@1ae9aa=
a.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:50:22 BST 2011.
> rh =3D null.
> rh is null.
>=20
> count =3D 0.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@1ae9aa=
a.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:50:35 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1f8bd0d].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 1.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@1ae9aa=
a.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:50:46 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1f8bd0d].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 2.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@1ae9aa=
a.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:51:44 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1f8bd0d].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 3.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Was OK up to and including count=3D94=2C then:
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@1ae9aa=
a.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 17:53:53 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1f8bd0d].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 95.
> Crashed while encoding URL:
> java.lang.NullPointerException at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.toAbsolute(Response.java:1594) at=
=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.encodeURL(Response.java:1198) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.encodeURL(ResponseFacade.jav=
a:398)=20
> at org.apache.jsp.Test1_jsp._jspService(Test1_jsp.java:93) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.jav=
a:419)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)=
=20
> at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:333) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(Applicat=
ionFilterChain.java:304)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilte=
rChain.java:210)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve=
.java:240)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve=
.java:164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:=
164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:=
100)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:563)=
=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.j=
ava:118)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:39=
9)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:317=
)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(H=
ttp11Protocol.java:204)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.ja=
va:311)=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)=
=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at=
=20
> java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
>=20
> ----
>=20
> (THIRD SESSION)
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@c68a98=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 18:36:38 BST 2011.
> rh =3D null.
> rh is null.
>=20
> count =3D 0.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@c68a98=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 18:36:53 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@121b59a].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 1.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@c68a98=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 18:37:05 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@121b59a].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 2.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@c68a98=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 18:37:17 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@121b59a].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 3.
> Encoded URL OK: result =3D /Test1.jsp.
>=20
> Was then OK up to and including count=3D49=2C then:
>=20
> Test1
> this_session =3D org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@c68a98=
.
> Date =3D Wed Jun 15 18:37:59 BST 2011.
> rh =3D [ResponseHolder=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@121b59a].
> rh is not null.
>=20
> count =3D 50.
> Crashed while encoding URL:
> java.lang.NullPointerException at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.toAbsolute(Response.java:1594) at=
=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.encodeURL(Response.java:1198) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.encodeURL(ResponseFacade.jav=
a:398)=20
> at org.apache.jsp.Test1_jsp._jspService(Test1_jsp.java:93) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.jav=
a:419)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)=
=20
> at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:333) at=20
> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(Applicat=
ionFilterChain.java:304)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilte=
rChain.java:210)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve=
.java:240)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve=
.java:164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:=
164)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:=
100)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:563)=
=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.j=
ava:118)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:39=
9)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:317=
)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(H=
ttp11Protocol.java:204)=20
> at=20
> org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.ja=
va:311)=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)=
=20
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at=
=20
> java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
>=20
> In this=2C the first session gave an error on the second use of the page=
=2C=20
> i.e. the first reload. However=2C the second session didn't crash until t=
he=20
> 93rd reload=2C and the third=2C until the 49th.
>=20
> If this a bug=2C is there any chance of getting it fixed=2C or of getting=
a=20
> circumvention? If I'm doing something bad=2C please tell me.
>=20
> Jocelyn Ireson-Paine
> http://www.j-paine.org
> http://www.spreadsheet-parts.org
> +44 (0)7768 534 091
>=20
> Jocelyn's Cartoons:
> http://www.j-paine.org/blog/jocelyns_cartoons/
>=20
> On Thu=2C 9 Jun 2011=2C Jocelyn Ireson-Paine wrote:
>=20
> > Hi=2C
> >
> > I'm getting sporadic null-pointer exceptions from 'response.encodeUrl'.=
This=20
> > is with Tomcat 7.0.14=2C the latest stable version to which I upgraded =
an hour=20
> > ago=2C and Java 1.6.0_26=2C which again I upgraded to at the same time=
=2C under=20
> > Windows XP. I also got the error under Tomcat 5.5.33=2C which is why I =
tried=20
> > upgrading. I uninstalled old Tomcats and Javas before upgrading.
> >
> > Here's a trace of the error:
> > java.lang.NullPointerException
> > at=20
> > org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.toAbsolute(Response.java:1594)
> > at=20
> > org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.encodeURL(Response.java:1198)
> > at=20
> > org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.encodeUrl(ResponseFacade.j=
ava:422)
> > at sharesim.ValueGame.encodeUrl(ValueGame.java:468)
> > The fourth line of the trace is my code.
> >
> > To get some diagnostics=2C I encapsulated 'response.encodeUrl' in the f=
ollowing=20
> > method=2C and used 'println' to print to Tomcat's log. This method is t=
he one=20
> > mentioned on the fourth line of the above trace.
> > private final static String encodeUrl( HttpServletResponse response
> > =2C String url
> > )
> > {
> > System.out.println( "encodeUrl" )=3B
> > System.out.println( "response=3D" + response )=3B
> > System.out.println( "url=3D" + url )=3B
> > String result =3D null=3B
> > if ( response =3D=3D null )
> > result =3D "not on Web"=3B
> > else
> > result =3D response.encodeUrl( url )=3B
> > System.out.println( "result=3D" + result )=3B
> > return result=3B
> > }
> >
> > As mentioned above=2C the errors are sporadic. My redirection code gets=
called=20
> > on my server when I submit one of my forms. But sometimes=2C the submit=
works=3B=20
> > sometimes it doesn't. Here are two successive traces from the above met=
hod:
> > encodeUrl
> > response=3Dorg.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1a5ec6c
> > url=3D/ResearcherValueGame1.jsp
> > result=3D/ResearcherValueGame1.jsp
> >
> > encodeUrl
> > response=3Dorg.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade@1a5ec6c
> > url=3D/ResearcherValueGame1.jsp
> > The first one worked=3B the second crashed rather than returning the en=
coded=20
> > URL. The URL to be encoded is the same in both cases=2C and 'response' =
is=20
> > evidently the same instance. I don't know how to dump 'response' in ord=
er to=20
> > show relevant fields (whichever they are)=2C but am happy to try it if =
someone=20
> > can suggest how.
> >
> > I've found a few mentions on Google of such errors=2C but nothing defin=
ite=20
> > about it happening in Tomcat 7. One discussion which I thought I'd seen=
=2C but=20
> > can't find again=2C seemed to suggest that the problem occurred on vers=
ion 5=2C=20
> > possibly because of a missing 'synchronized'. I've not seen anything in=
=20
> > recent postings to this list.
> >
> > I wondered whether the problem might be caused by the browser creating=
=20
> > malformed cookies=2C or some such. (I'm using session-handling.) Howeve=
r=2C this=20
> > seems unlikely=2C as the error occurs regardless of whether I use Firef=
ox=2C=20
> > Internet Explorer=2C or Google Chrome.
> >
> > Any ideas?
> >
> > Jocelyn Ireson-Paine
> > http://www.j-paine.org
> >
> > Jocelyn's Cartoons:
> > http://www.j-paine.org/blog/jocelyns_cartoons/
> >
> >
>=20
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> For additional commands=2C e-mail: users-help@tomcat.apache.org
>=20
=
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