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From: Apache Wiki <wikidiffs@apache.org>
To: Apache Wiki <wikidiffs@apache.org>
Date: Fri, 18 Feb 2011 14:02:19 -0000
Message-ID: <20110218140219.75751.60352@eosnew.apache.org>
Subject: 
 =?utf-8?q?=5BCassandra_Wiki=5D_Update_of_=22Operations=5FJP=22_by_MakiWat?=
 =?utf-8?q?anabe?=

Dear Wiki user,

You have subscribed to a wiki page or wiki category on "Cassandra Wiki" for=
 change notification.

The "Operations_JP" page has been changed by MakiWatanabe.
http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/Operations_JP?action=3Ddiff&rev1=3D93&rev2=
=3D94

--------------------------------------------------

  =

  =E7=A7=BB=E5=8B=95=E3=82=84=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E6=A0=BC=E7=B4=8D=
=E9=87=8F=E3=81=AE=E5=9D=87=E7=AD=89=E5=8C=96=E7=8A=B6=E6=B3=81=E3=81=AF`no=
detool`=E3=81=AB`streams`=E5=BC=95=E6=95=B0=E3=82=92=E4=B8=8E=E3=81=88=E3=
=82=8B=E3=81=93=E3=81=A8=E3=81=A7=E7=9B=A3=E8=A6=96=E3=81=A7=E3=81=8D=E3=81=
=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82
  =

- =3D=3D Consistency =3D=3D
- Cassandra allows clients to specify the desired consistency level on read=
s and writes.  (See [[API]].)  If R + W > N, where R, W, and N are respecti=
vely the read replica count, the write replica count, and the replication f=
actor, all client reads will see the most recent write.  Otherwise, readers=
 '''may''' see older versions, for periods of typically a few ms; this is c=
alled "eventual consistency."  See http://www.allthingsdistributed.com/2008=
/12/eventually_consistent.html and http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3D146=
6448 for more.
+ =3D=3D =E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7 =3D=3D
+ Cassandra=E3=81=A7=E3=81=AFread=E3=82=84write=E3=81=AB=E3=81=8A=E3=81=84=
=E3=81=A6=E5=BF=85=E8=A6=81=E3=81=AA=E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7=E3=83=AC=E3=
=83=99=E3=83=AB=E3=82=92=E3=82=AF=E3=83=A9=E3=82=A4=E3=82=A2=E3=83=B3=E3=83=
=88=E3=81=8C=E6=8C=87=E5=AE=9A=E3=81=A7=E3=81=8D=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99([[API]]=
=E5=8F=82=E7=85=A7=EF=BC=89=E3=80=82R=E3=80=81W=E3=80=81N=E3=81=8C=E3=81=9D=
=E3=82=8C=E3=81=9E=E3=82=8C=E8=AA=AD=E3=81=BF=E5=87=BA=E3=81=97=E3=81=9F=E3=
=83=AC=E3=83=97=E3=83=AA=E3=82=AB=E6=95=B0=E3=80=81=E6=9B=B8=E3=81=8D=E8=BE=
=BC=E3=82=93=E3=81=A0=E3=83=AC=E3=83=97=E3=83=AA=E3=82=AB=E6=95=B0=E3=80=81=
=E3=83=AC=E3=83=97=E3=83=AA=E3=82=B1=E3=83=BC=E3=82=B7=E3=83=A7=E3=83=B3=E3=
=83=95=E3=82=A1=E3=82=AF=E3=82=BF=E3=83=BC=E3=82=92=E7=A4=BA=E3=81=99=E3=81=
=A8=E3=81=99=E3=82=8B=E3=81=A8=E3=80=81R + W > N =E3=81=A7=E3=81=82=E3=82=
=8C=E3=81=B0=E3=81=99=E3=81=B9=E3=81=A6=E3=81=AE read =E3=81=AF=E6=9C=80=E6=
=96=B0=E3=81=AE write =E3=82=92=E8=AA=AD=E3=82=80=E3=81=93=E3=81=A8=E3=81=
=8C=E3=81=A7=E3=81=8D=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82=E3=81=93=E3=81=AE=E6=9D=A1=
=E4=BB=B6=E3=82=92=E6=BA=80=E3=81=9F=E3=81=95=E3=81=AA=E3=81=84=E5=A0=B4=E5=
=90=88=E3=80=81=E3=82=BF=E3=82=A4=E3=83=9F=E3=83=B3=E3=82=B0=E3=81=AB=E3=82=
=88=E3=81=A3=E3=81=A6=E3=81=AF read =E3=81=AF=E5=8F=A4=E3=81=84=E3=83=87=E3=
=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=82=92=E8=BF=94=E3=81=99=E3=81=8B=E3=82=82=E3=81=97=E3=82=
=8C=E3=81=BE=E3=81=9B=E3=82=93=E3=80=82=E3=81=93=E3=82=8C=E3=81=AF=E7=B5=90=
=E6=9E=9C=E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7"evantual consistency"=E3=81=A8=E5=91=
=BC=E3=81=B0=E3=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82
  =

- See below about consistent backups.
+ =E7=B5=90=E6=9E=9C=E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7=E3=81=AE=E8=A9=B3=E7=B4=B0=
=E3=81=AB=E3=81=A4=E3=81=84=E3=81=A6=E3=81=AF=E4=BB=A5=E4=B8=8B=E3=81=AE=E8=
=B3=87=E6=96=99=E3=82=92=E5=8F=82=E7=85=A7=E3=81=97=E3=81=A6=E4=B8=8B=E3=81=
=95=E3=81=84=E3=80=82
+ http://www.allthingsdistributed.com/2008/12/eventually_consistent.html
+ http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3D1466448
  =

+ =E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7=E3=81=AE=E3=81=82=E3=82=8B=E3=83=90=E3=83=83=
=E3=82=AF=E3=82=A2=E3=83=83=E3=83=97=E3=81=AB=E3=81=A4=E3=81=84=E3=81=A6=E3=
=81=AF=E5=BE=8C=E8=BF=B0=E3=81=97=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82
- =3D=3D=3D Repairing missing or inconsistent data =3D=3D=3D
- Cassandra repairs data in two ways:
  =

-  1. Read Repair: every time a read is performed, Cassandra compares the v=
ersions at each replica (in the background, if a low consistency was reques=
ted by the reader to minimize latency), and the newest version is sent to a=
ny out-of-date replicas.
-  1. Anti-Entropy: when `nodetool repair` is run, Cassandra computes a Mer=
kle tree of the data on that node, and compares it with the versions on oth=
er replicas, to catch any out of sync data that hasn't been read recently. =
 This is intended to be run infrequently (e.g., weekly) since computing the=
 Merkle tree is relatively expensive in disk i/o and CPU, since it scans AL=
L the data on the machine (but it is is very network efficient).  =

+ =3D=3D=3D =E5=A4=B1=E3=82=8F=E3=82=8C=E3=81=9F=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=
=E3=82=84=E3=80=81=E4=B8=80=E8=B2=AB=E6=80=A7=E3=81=AE=E3=81=AA=E3=81=84=E3=
=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=81=AE=E4=BF=AE=E5=BE=A9 =3D=3D=3D
+ Cassandra=E3=81=AF2=E3=81=A4=E3=81=AE=E6=96=B9=E6=B3=95=E3=81=A7=E3=83=87=
=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E4=BF=AE=E5=BE=A9=E3=82=92=E8=A1=8C=E3=81=84=E3=81=BE=E3=
=81=99:
  =

- Running `nodetool repair`:
- Like all nodetool operations, repair is non-blocking; it sends the comman=
d to the given node, but does not wait for the repair to actually finish.  =
You can tell that repair is finished when (a) there are no active or pendin=
g tasks in the CompactionManager, and after that when (b) there are no acti=
ve or pending tasks on o.a.c.concurrent.AE-SERVICE-STAGE, or o.a.c.service.=
StreamingService.
  =

- Repair should be run against one machine at a time.  (This limitation wil=
l be fixed in 0.7.)
+  1. Read Repair: read=E3=81=8C=E5=AE=9F=E8=A1=8C=E3=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=82=
=8B=E5=BA=A6=E3=80=81Cassandra=E3=81=AF=E3=83=AC=E3=83=97=E3=83=AA=E3=82=AB=
=E3=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=9F=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E9=96=93=E3=81=AE=E3=
=83=90=E3=83=BC=E3=82=B8=E3=83=A7=E3=83=B3=E7=A2=BA=E8=AA=8D=E3=82=92=E8=A1=
=8C=E3=81=84=E3=80=81=E5=8F=A4=E3=81=84=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=82=92=
=E6=8C=81=E3=81=A4=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=83=89=E3=81=AB=E6=9C=80=E6=96=B0=E3=
=81=AE=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=82=92=E9=85=8D=E5=B8=83=E3=81=97=E3=81=
=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82=E3=82=AF=E3=83=A9=E3=82=A4=E3=82=A2=E3=83=B3=E3=83=88=
=E3=81=8B=E3=82=89=E6=95=B4=E5=90=88=E6=80=A7=E8=A6=81=E6=B1=82=E3=83=AC=E3=
=83=99=E3=83=AB=E3=81=8C=E4=BD=8E=E3=81=84=E3=83=AA=E3=82=AF=E3=82=A8=E3=82=
=B9=E3=83=88=E3=82=92=E5=8F=97=E3=81=91=E5=8F=96=E3=81=A3=E3=81=9F=E5=A0=B4=
=E5=90=88=E3=81=AF=E3=80=81=E9=81=85=E5=BB=B6=E3=82=92=E6=9C=80=E5=B0=8F=E5=
=8C=96=E3=81=99=E3=82=8B=E3=81=9F=E3=82=81=E3=81=AB=E3=83=90=E3=83=BC=E3=82=
=B8=E3=83=A7=E3=83=B3=E6=AF=94=E8=BC=83=E3=81=AF=E3=83=90=E3=83=83=E3=82=AF=
=E3=82=B0=E3=83=A9=E3=82=A6=E3=83=B3=E3=83=89=E3=81=A7=E5=AE=9F=E6=96=BD=E3=
=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82
+  1. Anti-Entropy:  `nodetool repair`=E3=82=92=E5=AE=9F=E8=A1=8C=E3=81=99=
=E3=82=8B=E3=81=A8Cassandra=E3=81=AF=E7=9B=B4=E8=BF=91=E3=81=A7=E5=8F=82=E7=
=85=A7=E3=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=8A=E3=82=89=E3=81=9A=E3=80=81=E5=90=
=8C=E6=9C=9F=E3=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=81=AA=E3=81=84=E3=83=87=
=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=82=92=E6=A4=9C=E5=87=BA=E3=81=99=E3=82=8B=E3=81=9F=E3=
=82=81=E3=80=81=E3=81=9D=E3=81=AE=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=83=89=E3=81=AB=E6=A0=
=BC=E7=B4=8D=E3=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=82=8B=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=
=E3=82=BF=E3=81=AEMerkle tree=E3=82=92=E8=A8=88=E7=AE=97=E3=81=97=E3=80=81=
=E4=BB=96=E3=81=AE=E3=83=AC=E3=83=97=E3=83=AA=E3=82=AB=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=
=83=89=E3=81=A8=E6=AF=94=E8=BC=83=E3=81=97=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82Merkle=
 tree=E3=81=AE=E8=A8=88=E7=AE=97=E3=81=AB=E3=81=AF=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=83=
=89=E4=B8=8A=E3=81=AE=E5=85=A8=E3=83=87=E3=83=BC=E3=82=BF=E3=81=AE=E3=82=B9=
=E3=82=AD=E3=83=A3=E3=83=B3=E3=81=8C=E5=BF=85=E8=A6=81=E3=81=A7=E3=81=82=E3=
=82=8B=E3=81=9F=E3=82=81=E3=80=81=E3=83=87=E3=82=A3=E3=82=B9=E3=82=AFI/O=E3=
=82=84CPU=E3=82=92=E5=A4=9A=E3=81=8F=E6=B6=88=E8=B2=BB=E3=81=97=E3=81=BE=E3=
=81=99=EF=BC=88=E3=83=8D=E3=83=83=E3=83=88=E3=83=AF=E3=83=BC=E3=82=AF=E5=B8=
=AF=E5=9F=9F=E3=81=AE=E8=A6=B3=E7=82=B9=E3=81=8B=E3=82=89=E3=81=AF=E5=8A=B9=
=E7=8E=87=E7=9A=84=E3=81=A7=E3=81=99=EF=BC=89=E3=80=82 =E3=81=93=E3=81=AE=
=E3=81=9F=E3=82=81`nodetool repair`=E3=82=92=E3=81=82=E3=81=BE=E3=82=8A=E9=
=A0=BB=E7=B9=81=E3=81=AB=E5=AE=9F=E8=A1=8C=E3=81=99=E3=82=8B=E3=81=93=E3=81=
=A8=E3=81=AF=E8=A8=AD=E8=A8=88=E6=99=82=E3=81=AB=E6=83=B3=E5=AE=9A=E3=81=95=
=E3=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=81=BE=E3=81=9B=E3=82=93=E3=80=82
+ =

+ =

+ `nodetool repair`=E3=81=AE=E5=AE=9F=E8=A1=8C: =E4=BB=96=E3=81=AEnodetool =
=E6=93=8D=E4=BD=9C=E3=81=A8=E5=90=8C=E6=A7=98=E3=81=AB=E3=80=81repair=E3=81=
=AF=E3=83=8E=E3=83=B3=E3=83=96=E3=83=AD=E3=83=83=E3=82=AF=E3=81=AA=E6=93=8D=
=E4=BD=9C=E3=81=A7=E3=81=99=E3=80=82nodetool=E3=81=AF=E6=8C=87=E5=AE=9A=E3=
=81=95=E3=82=8C=E3=81=9F=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=83=89=E3=81=AB=E3=82=B3=E3=83=
=9E=E3=83=B3=E3=83=89=E3=82=92=E9=80=81=E3=82=8A=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=81=8C=
=E3=80=81=E3=83=AA=E3=83=9A=E3=82=A2=E3=81=8C=E5=AE=8C=E4=BA=86=E3=81=99=E3=
=82=8B=E3=81=BE=E3=81=A7=E5=BE=85=E3=81=A1=E3=81=BE=E3=81=9B=E3=82=93=E3=80=
=82=E6=AC=A1=E3=81=AE=E6=9D=A1=E4=BB=B6=E3=81=8C=E6=95=B4=E3=81=A3=E3=81=9F=
=E6=99=82=E7=82=B9=E3=81=A7=E3=83=AA=E3=83=9A=E3=82=A2=E3=81=8C=E5=AE=8C=E4=
=BA=86=E3=81=97=E3=81=9F=E3=81=93=E3=81=A8=E3=82=92=E7=9F=A5=E3=82=8B=E3=81=
=93=E3=81=A8=E3=81=8C=E3=81=A7=E3=81=8D=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99: (a) CompactionMa=
nager=E3=81=AB=E3=82=A2=E3=82=AF=E3=83=86=E3=82=A3=E3=83=96=E3=81=AA=E3=82=
=BF=E3=82=B9=E3=82=AF=E3=82=82=E3=83=9A=E3=83=B3=E3=83=87=E3=82=A3=E3=83=B3=
=E3=82=B0=E3=82=BF=E3=82=B9=E3=82=AF=E3=82=82=E6=AE=8B=E3=81=A3=E3=81=A6=E3=
=81=84=E3=81=AA=E3=81=84=E3=81=93=E3=81=A8=E3=80=81=E6=AC=A1=E3=81=AB(b) o.=
a.c.concurrent.AE-SERVICE-STAGE=E3=80=81o.a.c.service.StreamingService=E3=
=81=AE=E3=81=A9=E3=81=A1=E3=82=89=E3=81=AB=E3=82=82=E3=82=A2=E3=82=AF=E3=83=
=86=E3=82=A3=E3=83=96=E3=81=AA=E3=82=BF=E3=82=B9=E3=82=AF=E3=82=82=E3=83=9A=
=E3=83=B3=E3=83=87=E3=82=A3=E3=83=B3=E3=82=B0=E3=82=BF=E3=82=B9=E3=82=AF=E3=
=82=82=E6=AE=8B=E3=81=A3=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=81=AA=E3=81=84=E3=81=93=E3=81=
=A8=E3=80=82
+ =

+ =

+ =E3=83=AA=E3=83=9A=E3=82=A2=E3=81=AF=E4=B8=80=E5=BA=A6=E3=81=AB=E4=B8=80=
=E5=8F=B0=E3=81=AE=E3=83=8E=E3=83=BC=E3=83=89=E3=81=A7=E5=AE=9F=E8=A1=8C=E3=
=81=99=E3=81=B9=E3=81=8D=E3=81=A7=E3=81=99=E3=80=82 (=E3=81=93=E3=81=AE=E5=
=88=B6=E9=99=90=E3=81=AF0.7=E3=81=A7=E5=8F=96=E3=82=8A=E9=99=A4=E3=81=8B=E3=
=82=8C=E3=81=A6=E3=81=84=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=E3=80=82)
  =

  =3D=3D=3D Frequency of nodetool repair =3D=3D=3D
 =20